Regional Tradition
Bengal & Eastern India
Bengal — comprising West Bengal in India and the entirety of Bangladesh — is the homeland of one of the most distinctive Hindu cultural traditions and the world's third-largest Sunni Muslim population.
Bengali Hindu festivals are dominated by the worship of the goddess in her various forms. Durga Puja — the autumn worship of the warrior goddess Durga — is the largest cultural event of the Bengali year, observed from the sixth to tenth day of Sharad Navratri with elaborate pandals featuring increasingly artistic and conceptual themes, immersion processions called bisarjan, and the cultural festival of pandal hopping. Kali Puja replaces the Diwali Lakshmi Puja in Bengali Hindu households, with families worshipping the fierce mother goddess Kali on the new moon of Kartika. Saraswati Puja is observed on Vasant Panchami in early spring. Poila Boishakh — the Bengali New Year — falls on the first of Vaishakha and is celebrated across both India and Bangladesh. Bangladesh's Sunni Muslim majority observes the full Islamic calendar with public holidays for both Eids, Mawlid al-Nabi (called Eid-e-Milad-un-Nabi), and Shab-e-Barat. The Bishwa Ijtema in Tongi, Dhaka, is the second-largest annual Muslim gathering in the world after the Hajj.
Featured Festivals in Bengal & Eastern India
- Ramadan (1st of Ramadan)
The first day of the Islamic holy month of fasting.
- Laylat al-Qadr (Night of Power)
The Night of Decree, when the Qur'an was first revealed.
- Eid al-Fitr
The festival of breaking the fast at the end of Ramadan.
- Day of Arafah
The most blessed day in the Islamic calendar, the climax of Hajj.
- Eid al-Adha
The Festival of Sacrifice commemorating Prophet Ibrahim's devotion.
- Islamic New Year (Hijri New Year)
The first day of the Islamic lunar year, marking the Hijra to Medina.
- Day of Ashura
A day of fasting for Sunni Muslims; mourning for Shia Muslims.
- Mawlid al-Nabi
Commemoration of the birth of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ.
- Isra and Mi'raj
The Night Journey and Ascension of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ.
- Laylat al-Bara'ah (Shab-e-Barat)
The Night of Forgiveness, two weeks before Ramadan.
- Diwali (Deepavali)
The Festival of Lights, celebrating the victory of light over darkness.
- Holi
The Festival of Colors celebrating spring and the triumph of good.